Treatment of endometrial cancer can only be successful when radical excision with adequate resection margins is performed. Care and treatment are difficult, extensive and can lead to long lasting physical as well as mental health consequences. Recently, laparoscopic surgery has become more frequent and has due to its benefits (less scarring and bleeding, shorter hospitalisation periods) in comparison with the classical open approach, become the primary operating technique.

Influential studies in 2019 have shown that the survival and treatment outcome of patients with cervical cancer at early stages (IA1-IB1) differs based on the operating technique. It has been shown that the laparoscopic technique is associated with a higher recurrence rate and lower overall survival rate. The reason for such a disparity has not been fully explained.
A sixfold increase in mortality due to a specific operating technique is not acceptable. One of the potential explanations might be the exposure of endometrial cancer cells to carbon dioxide, which is used as a distension medium during minimal invasive surgery. The study has been conceptualised in a stepwise approach in which every step will contribute to the following step and finally lead the development of an authentic and functional in vitro endometrial cancer model.